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1992-01-01
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NEW SET
A
There are several different categories that can be used to specify
word relationships. Relationships can be based on synonyms, antonyms,
function, classification, and many other concepts. For example, words
that have the same meanings are called "synonyms," and many analogy
problems include these. The ability to identify synonyms is an important
factor in solving analogy problems, although not all problems can be
solved solely on this basis.
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1
1. Words with the same meanings are called:
(A) analogies
(B) antonyms
(C) synonyms
(D) metaphors
(E) none of the above
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c
0
2
Correct.
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wrong answer explanation
2
Words with the same meaning are called "synonyms."
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2
2. Which of the following word pairs are synonyms?
(A) dark : light
(B) large : big
(C) hot : cold
(D) paint : painter
(E) baseball : bat
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b
0
B
Correct.
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wrong answer explanation
B
The words "large" and "big" are synonyms.
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NEW SET
B
Being able to recognize synonyms can help solve many analogy problems.
For example, the following problem can be solved easily once the words are
identified as synonyms: HURT : INJURE. A formula sentence based on this
might be "To hurt people is to injure them." Here is another synonymous
analogy:
PROSAIC : DULL
(A) argumentative : cantankerous
(B) boring : exciting
(C) enigmatic : amusing
(D) harmonious : anxious
(E) mosaic : interesting
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1
1. Which is the best formula sentence for the above problem?
(A) John thought the prosaic was dull.
(B) The prosaic wrote dull books.
(C) A prosaic person is dull.
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c
0
2
Correct.
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wrong answer explanation
2
"Prosaic" is a synonym for "dull," so a prosaic person would be dull.
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2
2. What is the correct solution for the problem above?
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a
0
C
Correct.
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wrong answer explanation
C
Since the words in choice (A) are synonyms, they can replace "prosaic"
and "dull" in the formula sentence: "An argumentative person is
cantankerous."
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NEW SET
C
Another example is SYSTEMATIZE : ORGANIZE
First, it is important to observe that these two words are synonyms.
Second, a formula sentence may be devised, such as "To systematize a
situation is to organize it."
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1
1. On the basis of this formula sentence, which of the following word
pairs is analogous to SYSTEMATIZE : ORGANIZE?
(A) cautious : happy
(B) warn : respond
(C) ameliorate : improve
(D) articulate: ostracize
(E) attend: abate
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c
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D
Correct.
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wrong answer explanation
D
To "ameliorate" is to "improve" in the same way that to "systematize" is
to "organize."
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D
Consider the synonyms CONCOMITANT : CONCURRENT. An example of a
formula sentence that would help find an analogy for these words would
be "Concomitant is a synonym for concurrent." Another formula sentence
that would work is "Concomitant and concurrent mean the same thing."
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1
1. Which of the following is analogous to CONCOMITANT : CONCURRENT?
(A) appropriate : conclude
(B) abstain : abolish
(C) native : indigenous
(D) apparent : lenient
(E) posterior : anterior
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c
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E
Correct.
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wrong answer explanation
E
"Native" and "indigenous" mean the same thing in the same way that
"concomitant" and "concurrent" do.
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E
LOQUACIOUS : TALKATIVE
(A) ostentatious : modest
(B) transpose : relaxed
(C) futile : ineffective
(D) eloquent : arrogant
(E) gratuitous : fortunate
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1
1. Pick the best formula sentence.
(A) "Loquacious" and "talkative" have the same meaning.
(B) "Loquacious" and "talkative" refer to speech.
(C) "Loquacious" and "talkative" have opposite meanings.
(D) all of the above
(E) none of the above
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a
0
2
Correct.
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wrong answer explanation
2
"Loquacious" and "talkative" are synonyms.
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2
2. Select the correct pair of words to solve this problem.
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c
0
F
Correct.
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wrong answer explanation
F
"Futile" and "ineffective" have the same meaning.
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F
Since many vocabulary problems involve difficult vocabulary, it is
helpful to look for clues that will allow you to eliminate some of the
alternatives even if you do not recognize all the words. For example, in
the last question, one pair was "transpose" and "relaxed." By recognizing
that "transpose" is a verb paired with an adjective, you can see that it
is not analogous to the pairing of the two adjectives "loquacious" and
"talkative."
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1
1. TRANSPOSE : RELAXED is not analogous to LOQUACIOUS : TALKATIVE because:
(A) they have opposite meanings
(B) "transpose" is a verb
(C) "talkative" is an adjective
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b
0
G
Correct.
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wrong answer explanation
G
A verb : adjective pair cannot be analogous to an adjective : adjective
pair.
end